Thursday, February 28, 2013

How Can Africans Rejoice in Black Identity?


How can Africans rejoice in black identity?

INTRODUCTION

Racism is a belief in the superiority of a particular race. A race is a division of man because of his distinct physical characteristics. How do these differences come about when man is supposed to have stemmed from one parentage? That is a question that geographers, biologists, ethnographers and to some extent ethnographers have been battling with throughout or particularly since the 14th century. Owing to the fact that sciences were still then inchoate, race was naively used to put down some group of peoples on earth and to put some up there to near statues of gods and goddesses. I endeavored to explain this in my work Who is African American? Crossing Racial Barriers published by www.baico.ca Publishing Co, Ottawa, Canada. Irrespective of my explanation and those of many other scientists, the fact remains that peoples with dark skin complexion, still feel resentments at work places, sport arena, in the public, institutes of learning  http://www.gpb.org/news/2013/02/27/emory-students-plan-racism-rally ,  areas where they want to settle, get jobs they want to are  being are rejected by those supposed to have superior colors. This is bitter racism. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ian-reifowitz/is-america-a-racist-country_b_2773132.html.  The rejected feel that if they were accepted for what they are, they would be riding high in the job market, in schools and colleges, and they would settle where they like without fear, their standard of living and those who rely on them would be improved and many positive things will happen. That is a fact as we saw that with the abolition of slavery and slave trade, the global wealth rose. It was because the enslaved were also allowed to participate in the free trade, to buy and sell without inhibition.  The same could apply within enclaves of racism and tribalism wherever they are in the world.

Not only that, the marginalized because of the color of their skin also feel that they would marry whoever they want, and live where they like anywhere in the world. That is the Utopian perspective that could only be reached if we abandon protectionism and make the world as a one state nation.  Unfortunately there is no perfect world we all pray for when we kneel or squat or stand to pray to God. As I have explained in my last rendition on this blog, irrespective of many on earth knowing the origins of physical differences of man, they still resent others for the color of their skin, shape of their derrieres,  noses, their gender, sexual inclinations, size of their bodies, head, and hair and so on and so forth. 


Racism is not only confined among Caucasians or some peoples of light skins. It transcends human colors. In the case of Caucasians, I attempted to  explain that this was so because they were generally nervous and protective of their achievements or possessions. Is racism or disdain of one of us by us only confined in Caucasian milieus?  Far from it! There is also subtle racism in the African set up. We euphemistically call this tribalism. We will leave that for our subsequent commentaries. 

ALBINISM

There are Africans who would resent whites or albinos just for the color of their skin. They are naive as I earlier said as a man who hates a fish for its slippery body and domiciling in water. They do not know that in the past man had one color. He was made by God or as others like to put it, evolved in Africa. His skin had to adapt based on the climatic and other natural conditions he found himself in. It had to build protection from the radiance of the sun. What we are trumpeting the world to do now with the destruction of ozone and part of the troposphere by unprecedentedly releasing into the atmosphere of carbon dioxide and CFCs. The nearest thing man's genes did was to build in that melanin that gave him black pigmentation. This acted as a sealant to the infrared from the solar spectrum. With that he could survive under the scorching sun of the tropics without having cancer of the skin. If his genes did not build this, he died or he was likely to die and I would not have been here to write this and you would not have been there to read what I have transmitted to you through this medium.

You will see that some Africans who are born without skin pigmentation we call albinos die before they reach the age of forty. So the advice that health authorities give them is that they should cover themselves up the moment they step out into the sun. Albinism is not only idiosyncratic of Africans. When you go to SW Asian and among the Caucasians in Europe, the Americas, and even in Australasia there are cases of albinism. 

Albinos are lucky in some parts of the world where people understand where they come from and are not discriminated against. In certain parts of Africa, albinos are considered in some primitive societies as spirits just the same as Africans took the first Europeans they saw after the Dark Ages. They thought that they were spirits and shunned them or feared that their dead brothers and sisters were coming back. You need to read travelogues of early Europeans who had contact with some Africans communities to hear repetitions of this story. Among the primitive communities in some part of Africa particularly in Tanzania, Kenya, Cameroon,  Zambia, Senegal and even right down to Mozambique, albinos are thought to be sprites and their skins are highly demanded as horns of rhinoceros are demanded by Arabs and some Asians for medicinal purposes. Are those witch doctors not crazy. A dead albino could have HIV/AIDS related diseases and if you share his body parts as medicine, you are helping to spread diseases we in the West are fighting hard to stamp out.  Albinos in these backward societies are arrested and killed for parts of their bodies by witch doctors. How this works is something modern science is yet to venture into to explain to us. Whatever the benefits to be derived from this macabre or primitive behavior  it should be deplored by all and sundry for it has no scientific underpinning. 

When you think that advances  in sciences had made us to leave primitive beliefs, you still uncover bizarre tradition not only in the rain forest of the Amazon where the born crippled are destroyed but in Africa were the born with color similar to what Caucasian used to bamboozle the black is resented. So we still have plenty of explanations to be made to let people who are not enlightened know that colors of the skin stem from the climatic region in which a person resides or it could be a mistake in nature that does not warrant summary execution of persons with such colors. You will see that it has taken us so long to start accepting that there are same sex people who can marry. This has not been without prices. Having said this, I am not saying that we can equate racism with gay-ism or homosexuality. The change of ones color from charcoal or blue black to white or pinkish is not an overnight process; it takes thousands or millennial of years before these changes take place. So man's internal and external features had to change to acclimatize so that he can live in new climatic conditions that are different from those at his place of birth, in our case Africa. What will be the situation now that there is ease of mobility and mixing of  of man in the world as never before?

DIFFERENCES IN COLOR WILL NEVER ALTER THAT INNATE ONENESS OF MAN

So color has nothing to do with the oneness of man even though man has capitalized on this in the past to exploit man. Man is one as I have just (Tuesday, February-26-13) learned on Facebook debate in which I do write concerning the fact that the Israeli authorities are singling out peoples with dark skin for discrimination. It is not only in Israel. Before 1994 in South Africa when apartheid, racial segregation was the rule of the day, color was used by the light skinned peoples to put the black skinned man in his place so to say. They were exploited and treated as animals because of their color. Should they have been doing this?  Caucasian Americans used this as were Caucasian Europeans before they realized that it was all wrong and changed their appalling treatment of Africans and some poor of their kind. It was not without a fight, a fight that still goes on in some quarters where die-hard are still sticking to it. http://sports.yahoo.com/news/inter-again-fined-racism-balotelli-receives-fine-200700059--sow.html  Some are subtle and others are open and that is sad. Those who discriminated in the past and still hitherto, had not known that their great grandparents were charcoal black or blue black as the Africans in the Sahel regions in the open Savannah or the desert of Sudan before they crossed the Suez and moved to colder climatic areas in Europe, Asia, and North America. Those who left Africa for various reasons had to adopt and adapt based on those climates where they traversed or settled else they could not have survived hitherto. A Chinese may look different outwardly but he or she is 99% like a Caucasian or Negroid.

I AM NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR THE COLOR OF MY SKIN, WHY SHOULD I BE DISDAINED BECAUSE OF IT?

It should be clear for those who are stubbornly phlegmatic that those being discriminated against for their skin pigmentation were not responsible for their coloration. Nature or what many of us call God made it so. The nearest comparison is when it gets suddenly chilly our skin suddenly develops goose pimples and our hair stands up straight. These actions are inadvertent. Also when summer comes and our fair skin turns darkie  we call it suntanned. It is the way our bodies react to mini climatic changes or to cut off the infiltration of the long infrared rays that could kill all living things on earth if allowed to penetrate us in abundance  This body reaction is what biologists call protective mechanism. Some animals have this and this takes place instinctively without their knowledge. The ptarmigan changes white to blend with the snow in winter and when summer comes it assumes a different color to run away from its enemies. The chameleon does not tell its skin to turn white, red or yellow once it is enters areas with those colors. Man had to develop this even with his features (nostril had to be enlarged to get thin air in the tropics, they have to be reduced to inhale little in the cold climates, the hair had to be woolly to absorbed the scorching sun rays, she had to build big buttocks so as to store food for its children in areas with less food, some had to get different shapes of feet, hands, lips just to adapt and survive else they were just history. We learn in our natural history lessons that some animals that could not adapt perished and are only found as fossils. Where are the dodos that once roam Mauritius Island gone? Man could have been fossilized too if he was unable to adapt and some creatures could have been studying him as we study some fossils today we dig in the Canadian shields, the Rocky Mountains or look as folded mounts in Central Europe and Asia.

Then when those who were out to exploit these natural phenomena for their economic gains explained that ruddy complexion meant that they were higher in human echelon of superiority. How was this scientific? Then next were those who were yellowish and the last according to them were those who were darkie or dark. Fantastic explanation of the visible light spectrum! They could get away with it for they were coming with that position of strength and even economic power that the dark-skinned had not. All of us know today that it was wrong, yet it lingers on in some quarters. Why?

What I have stated below is that biologically speaking mankind is one. There is no difference between an Indian, African, Chinese, Mongoloid or Caucasian. They are all the same. For those of you who philander, dalliances with Mongoloid, Negroid, or Caucasians are the same. The difference may be in those who are racist and are not in terms with the fact that a person of a different color is not a person. It is for this reason that some Africans who were made to believe that they were inferior have the feeling that they could increased their "human" status in the society when they chum up with Caucasians or those they believed were in the high echelon of race. I have elucidated this in my work above-mentioned and more could be read in Dr. Frantz Fanon’s work, Black Skin, White Mask one of my mentors. Well, those who hang on to different tastes because of different colors are telling me that a white egg tastes better than a brown egg or a black egg. They all taste the same.

CONCLUSION
We started that racism should have no place on earth. We all fought the Second World War because of racism. If we entertain anything after the sufferings inflicted on us by that war then we will never learn from any lesson. For any person or nation to operate or use racism as a tool as it was used during the days of slavery, is myopic and unproductive. I have said that racist remarks often comes when there are football matches and Africans are doing well, or dominating. It is then that some shallow Caucasian fans would start howling racist comments or invective. http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2013/feb/27/millwall-fan-ban-racist-abuse-el-hadji-diouf ;  http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/ opinion/entertainment/lets-blow-whistle-racism-1733214. Those booing at them are wrong and hollow and should be corrected if we do not want to go into another third world war because of racism.    A racist is myopic as someone who grows up to hate another because she or he is a female or gay or crippled. Man does not tell his maker, his parents that he want to be born charcoal black or snow white or yellow or pinkish or  female or male or homosexual or what. He just finds himself or herself that way and he should thank his maker God for giving him life. When you abuse one or exploit one because of one's color, you are just being very naive and a plant in your garden is better than you. You are like a shepherd dog abusing a Chihuahua because it is small or a house cat abusing a leopard because it lives in the bush and it is big. The bottom line is that they all had the same parentage at one stage in their biological history.  Let us hope that the people will be educated and should sternly excoriate whoever is racist. There is no question of ignoring him or her for not knowing what he or she is doing.  No person of whatever color should accept domination or exploitation or discrimination in the 21 century. 

Finally, this note was provoked by the fact that Africans were being discriminated against in Israel. Of all people or nation states, Israel should not be the one practicing discrimination for Africans shed their blood to defeat the Nazis thereby liberating the Jews, homosexuals and gypsies from the gas chambers of the racist leader Adolf Hitler. Let this just be misinformation and let the Jewish authorities explain to us circumstances that led to what is reported as racial discrimination in Israel. 

To dark skinned peoples or Africans wherever you are in the world after reading my two summaries of what could fill volumes, know that you have to be grateful with your maker for if he had not given you that coloration, you would have been history and would not have even read this my write-up. Consequently, dark-skinned East Indians and African men and women should desist bleaching to look like Caucasians. They Caucasian is not a prototype that you must copy. He is that way because of the climatic condition he lives under. You cannot chisel yourself or change your color to look like him as you could be a square peg in a round hole in your tropical region. They are committing grievous bodily harms and biological transgressions. Let us leave this for our next reading.

Finally, The New Yorker (1967) commenting on Frantz Fanon’s work Toward the African Revolution said the following:
 “Dr. Fanon’s three powerful ideas come through: that Negroes (Africans my emphasis) must rejoice in black identity, that only violence can wash away humiliation, and that African must be freed and unified.”

WHEN YOU ARE TOO COMFORTABLE YOU BECOME LESS PRODUCTIVE

While sympathizing with The New Yorker of thirty-six years ago, when Africans were fighting to regain their lost independence from European colonialists, something that had racist undertones, what we have now are smoldering vestiges of the past and violence is not what is required to regain the grandeur that man of Africa was in the past. Violence still pops up during elections or people are elected because of their color in some or barred from voting because of the color of their skin in some conservative areas of the USA. http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/lookout/shelby-county-v-holder-pits-local-election-control-224753576.html.  He needs to welcome the new knowledge his lost children (Europeans, my subsequent parenthesis) are bringing back, knowledge got because of the harsh conditions they found themselves in while in diaspora I earlier mentioned in my previous article on this Blog. Their children should not forget that when you are too comfortable you become less productive. Africa, the first domicile of man on earth has everything. It is a Garden of Eden and that is why its inhabitants prior to the first coming of Europeans were lackadaisically comfortable. It is that beguiling comfort that has made Africans to appear last in economic race of the world. It is not that they are different. We have African millionaires  intellectual, and there is nothing a Caucasian can do that they cannot do and may be better. The question is if they are given that opportunity without discrimination.  Now that they have accepted the reason d’etre of their conditions and are bent on reforming, there is no reason why they should not stand up and rob their shoulders with their children in not too distance future.
Dr. Viban Viban Ngo, vibanngo@hotmail.com

Sunday, February 24, 2013

WHERE WILL THE NEW POPE OF ROME COME FROM

Where will the new Pope of Rome to succeed Pope Benedict XVI come from? Will he be from Latin America, Africa or Asia? This question surfaced when Pope John-Paul died. It was posed by American and European writers I will not cite to substantiate what I have said as the answers are well documented on the Internet. The point many were trying to make was that it was high time a Holy Father of  Rome were from a third world nation state particularly from the continent of Africa or Latin America where Christianity was blossoming as never before. I may sympathize with them but a true Christian does not look at the color, shape of nose, foot, derriere,  political inclination or even gender of whoever is carrying the words of God. Consequently, to a true Christian, it is out of question to contemplate on the origin of the Pope of Rome or that it cannot be from Africa because of gerrymandering of the European cardinals at Rome. Their Christian followers are dwindling yet when it comes to voting, they have more votes than Latin America with more Christians and Africa. What should be understood is that word of God from any preacher of any color still carries the same weight as the authentic Bible, the words of God. 

Well, to Europeans or rightly Caucasians, the color of man has ever been their problem and this had never been the case with Africans.  Europeans taught Africans the color of man's skin. Perhaps psychologists could venture into this domain but biologically speaking, there is no difference between a white and a black or yellow person.  However, the color question had and is still that of some Europeans, Caucasians, a fact partly implanted by enslavement of Africans in the past without which many Europeans and Arabs would not have been able to carry out slavery and slave trade. Do not ask me if Africans were never slavers and slave dealers. On a grande scale Africans were not inherently slavers and slave dealers. They did not pigeonholed man based on his color. The Europeans were the first to start categorizing men based on the color of their skin and to give certain colors 100% and others naught. They had no clue on the effect of climate on man's complexion.  Classifying man was their psychological way to enfeeble men from Africa in the 15th century. They gave the men of Africa a low percentage, even equating them to animals so as to use them for the creation of their wealth without remorse. They were nervous, naive and had not known the history of  man in the world. The moment they understood,  their definition of man and  interpretation of his color took a different outlook. The past is being forgotten or completely abandoned in some quarters. If you go to some part of the world and ask what slavery and slave trade were some children will not know what you are talking about. Today Chinese, East Indians and Africans living in what used to be exclusively Caucasian homelands are powerful and command respect not out of sympathy but because of their intellectual vivacity and wealth. That was the sort of equality of mankind the African American, Martin  Luther King Jr. had preached and even died for.

If the first man and woman were Africans who eventually moved and permeated the other parts of the world from the continent of Africa, a known fact, it is therefore cultures and climatic factors that would make those who are in diaspora to be different from the parent-man in the home of the origin of man, Africa. Owing to a lack of knowledge which many still do not have today or claim to lack, man was classified or is still classified based on his color in some countries instead of his intellect, which Europeans of the past defined themselves based on pseudo-scientific knowledge. They did not know that  colors and shapes of man were determined by climatic factors. With their shoddy definition of color, without knowing the origin, the people who discriminate based on color remained in darkness worst than they were in the Dark Ages.  Again, they believed that an African was lower in the color echelon they set for themselves and therefore was not a perfect man as a Caucasian. They were wrong and many with level-heads have admitted the errors or the past. Which color of the spectrum is superior? The Caucasians who were supposed to be advanced in sciences brought all sorts of ruses to substantiate their theory of the inferiority of the black man.  We know that it was wrong as rudimentary sciences or most sciences we use now to improve our lives originated then in Africa but hitherto others still want to hang on to those degenerate jetsam.

They were to realized that they were awry and gave the black man his rightful place on earth, hence slavery, colonialism, apartheid and to some extent neocolonialism were dropped and Africans, Asians and East Indians welcome into the club of manly men, let us call it the civilized man. But were they never civilized? Others apologized for the past enslavement and others do think that it was the work of their fore-parents they had nothing to do with. This is not a revelation from me: The white man is the son of a black man. To those who did not believe in that, they will still say bunkum to this statement and would consider an African Bishop of Rome as a maverick or a novelty. I have this question for them: Is  President Barack Obama a maverick or a competent US president? Was he elected by whites out of sympathy or his competence? Was Mr. Koffi Anan the first African Secretary General of the U.N.O. a maverick? Is Ban Ki Moon an Asian after him not doing a good job?  What has the color of his skin or his continent of origin got to do with his performance? Europeans and may be Chinese might be the ones to look at an African Bishop of Rome as a maverick because of the past history. They have to live with modernity and to say out loudly that lots of mistakes were made in the pass that need to be corrected and Africans begged forgiveness.

To Africans who even know that Christianity, that part of Jewish tradition propagated by Jesus Christ originated from Africa (Jews originated from Africa and they could not have been Africans and emigrated to Asia and elsewhere, Promise-land without their Africanness.) Africans do not have any problem accepting Christianity coming back to them in sundry forms and shapes handled by eloquent Caucasian preachers. Africans owe a lot to them and I am acknowledging their contribution in industrialization, and Evangelization of modern Africa. 

The questions is if Caucasians, Europeans would have accepted Christianity if its harbingers were pure, full-blooded Africans? That is hypothetical. I see Europeans would have accepted it as Christianity was not part and parcel of their culture before Saints Peter and Paul established it in Rome. The Romans spread it to other parts of the Roman Empire and eventually to Africa, and to America, and Asia by European missionaries. So, nominating an African or Latino or Asian should not be a hard nut to be cracked.  Whether Europeans who had ever dominated the Vatican want it of not, a Holy Father in the 21st century must come from Africa. Why? Do we not see many Africans from the continent of Africa as ministers now in Europe and North America?  When they preach I see European and North American Christians in these continents listening to them open-mouthed as it was the turn of Europeans in the past and sparingly today in Africa.

It should be made clear that Africans Bishops of Rome had been before and if an African Cardinal is elected the Pope of Rome by the cardinals who are now congregating at Rome to receive blessing from Pope Benedict XVI, it will not be the first and the last time in the history of the Catholic Church. It should not be surprising to many as the announcement of Pope Benedict XVI to step down instead of dying in his office. Why should it be surprising?  Perhaps to Europeans and others and not to Africans!

A true believer or Catholic will not go to church or leave his  church because the color of his or her preacher is different from his or hers or is culturally different from the one who had been before. Therefore, the faith of many true believers will not be shaken by the choice of any Cardinal, particularly one from Africa. If others choose to, then they may not have had the words of Jesus Christ truly strongly implanted in their faith.  

Again many Africans know that Europeans, Indians and Chinese are their children and have ever been glad when preachers have ever been coming from their regions to Africa. Africans do not have problems with people of other parts of the world be they of any color. The reverse is sometimes true as witnessed by outbursts during sports by some Caucasian players or spectators and many who would still use the derogatory n... word to refer to African Americans who made the Caucasian a rich man he is in American today.  On the whole Africans do not discriminate. They are the ones who are opening up to let in Chinese, Indians and Europeans in droves to come in and settle amicably. Did they open their doors or are they opening the doors of their countries for Africans to come in and settle without strain?  Instead discrimination was and occasionally is by other races whom I have mentioned above who are still anchored  to racism that was instituted in the past when Europeans of days of darkness were using Africans as cartels for their economic advancement. In those days it was imponderable for Queen Elizabeth I of England to equate an African to a European when Africans as cargoes, brought money to the British economy or to almost all of North America that was literally a British possession. If Africans were considered as not noble savages or true human beings, it would have been unthinkable for Europeans to buy and sell them.

Further if an African is elected Holy Father of Rome it may change Europeans and others' thinking towards African and it might give him the full grandeur that he had had before it was taken away by slavery, colonialism, apartheid and others alien evils. Will that be the case? Will people not want to impose on him the idea of gay marriages, adoption of children by homosexuals, priests getting married, priestesses being ordained, termination of babies or fetuses as human rights and many others? Having the rein of the Papacy may be exciting but challenging.

We understand in developed countries many are leaving the Catholic Church and staying at home or joining other churches because the Catholic Church is stoic, nor flexible and not moving with the present thinking. Is it? It does.  Should Christians be moving along with certain contemporary world's way of reasoning or follow what its Founder, Jesus Christ instituted?  Will many just accept an African Pope as a will of God? If it is a European priest as had ever been, to me, it is still the will of God. Being a Christian as I am, I will accept whoever God will guide his cardinals to choose as I accepted Jesus Christ usually portrayed in the image of a Caucasian without complaining. The question is, will Europeans or Caucasians accept a dark-skinned Holy Father of Rome without flinching in their faith as Africans and other non-European races have been doing?  From my perspective, God's representative has no color, race or should come from a particular continent. From what we learned above, he has ever been an African and will continue to be an African be he black or white or yellow the three prototype of God's children on earth. 
Viban Viban Ngo, PhD.

Wednesday, February 13, 2013

President Barack Obama's State of the Union Address


Obama gives State of the Union address (AP Photo)
The White House Emblem
The White House
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
February 12, 2013

President Barack Obama's State of the Union Address -- As Prepared for Delivery

Remarks of President Barack Obama – As Prepared for Delivery
State of the Union Address
Tuesday, February 12, 2013
Washington, DC
As Prepared for Delivery –
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Mr. Speaker, Mr. Vice President, Members of Congress, fellow citizens:
Fifty-one years ago, John F. Kennedy declared to this Chamber that “the Constitution makes us not rivals for power but partners for progress…It is my task,” he said, “to report the State of the Union – to improve it is the task of us all.”
Tonight, thanks to the grit and determination of the American people, there is much progress to report. After a decade of grinding war, our brave men and women in uniform are coming home. After years of grueling recession, our businesses have created over six million new jobs. We buy more American cars than we have in five years, and less foreign oil than we have in twenty. Our housing market is healing, our stock market is rebounding, and consumers, patients, and homeowners enjoy stronger protections than ever before.
Together, we have cleared away the rubble of crisis, and can say with renewed confidence that the state of our union is stronger.
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But we gather here knowing that there are millions of Americans whose hard work and dedication have not yet been rewarded. Our economy is adding jobs – but too many people still can’t find full-time employment. Corporate profits have rocketed to all-time highs – but for more than a decade, wages and incomes have barely budged.
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It is our generation’s task, then, to reignite the true engine of America’s economic growth – a rising, thriving middle class.
It is our unfinished task to restore the basic bargain that built this country – the idea that if you work hard and meet your responsibilities, you can get ahead, no matter where you come from, what you look like, or who you love.
It is our unfinished task to make sure that this government works on behalf of the many, and not just the few; that it encourages free enterprise, rewards individual initiative, and opens the doors of opportunity to every child across this great nation.
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The American people don’t expect government to solve every problem. They don’t expect those of us in this chamber to agree on every issue. But they do expect us to put the nation’s interests before party. They do expect us to forge reasonable compromise where we can. For they know that America moves forward only when we do so together; and that the responsibility of improving this union remains the task of us all.
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Our work must begin by making some basic decisions about our budget – decisions that will have a huge impact on the strength of our recovery.
Over the last few years, both parties have worked together to reduce the deficit by more than $2.5 trillion – mostly through spending cuts, but also by raising tax rates on the wealthiest 1 percent of Americans. As a result, we are more than halfway towards the goal of $4 trillion in deficit reduction that economists say we need to stabilize our finances.
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Now we need to finish the job. And the question is, how?
In 2011, Congress passed a law saying that if both parties couldn’t agree on a plan to reach our deficit goal, about a trillion dollars’ worth of budget cuts would automatically go into effect this year. These sudden, harsh, arbitrary cuts would jeopardize our military readiness. They’d devastate priorities like education, energy, and medical research. They would certainly slow our recovery, and cost us hundreds of thousands of jobs. That’s why Democrats, Republicans, business leaders, and economists have already said that these cuts, known here in Washington as “the sequester,” are a really bad idea.
Now, some in this Congress have proposed preventing only the defense cuts by making even bigger cuts to things like education and job training; Medicare and Social Security benefits.
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That idea is even worse. Yes, the biggest driver of our long-term debt is the rising cost of health care for an aging population. And those of us who care deeply about programs like Medicare must embrace the need for modest reforms – otherwise, our retirement programs will crowd out the investments we need for our children, and jeopardize the promise of a secure retirement for future generations.
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But we can’t ask senior citizens and working families to shoulder the entire burden of deficit reduction while asking nothing more from the wealthiest and most powerful. We won’t grow the middle class simply by shifting the cost of health care or college onto families that are already struggling, or by forcing communities to lay off more teachers, cops, and firefighters. Most Americans – Democrats, Republicans, and Independents – understand that we can’t just cut our way to prosperity. They know that broad-based economic growth requires a balanced approach to deficit reduction, with spending cuts and revenue, and with everybody doing their fair share. And that’s the approach I offer tonight.
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On Medicare, I’m prepared to enact reforms that will achieve the same amount of health care savings by the beginning of the next decade as the reforms proposed by the bipartisan Simpson-Bowles commission. Already, the Affordable Care Act is helping to slow the growth of health care costs. The reforms I’m proposing go even further. We’ll reduce taxpayer subsidies to prescription drug companies and ask more from the wealthiest seniors. We’ll bring down costs by changing the way our government pays for Medicare, because our medical bills shouldn’t be based on the number of tests ordered or days spent in the hospital – they should be based on the quality of care that our seniors receive. And I am open to additional reforms from both parties, so long as they don’t violate the guarantee of a secure retirement. Our government shouldn’t make promises we cannot keep – but we must keep the promises we’ve already made.
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To hit the rest of our deficit reduction target, we should do what leaders in both parties have already suggested, and save hundreds of billions of dollars by getting rid of tax loopholes and deductions for the well-off and well-connected. After all, why would we choose to make deeper cuts to education and Medicare just to protect special interest tax breaks? How is that fair? How does that promote growth?
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Now is our best chance for bipartisan, comprehensive tax reform that encourages job creation and helps bring down the deficit. The American people deserve a tax code that helps small businesses spend less time filling out complicated forms, and more time expanding and hiring; a tax code that ensures billionaires with high-powered accountants can’t pay a lower rate than their hard-working secretaries; a tax code that lowers incentives to move jobs overseas, and lowers tax rates for businesses and manufacturers that create jobs right here in America. That’s what tax reform can deliver. That’s what we can do together.
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I realize that tax reform and entitlement reform won’t be easy. The politics will be hard for both sides. None of us will get 100 percent of what we want. But the alternative will cost us jobs, hurt our economy, and visit hardship on millions of hardworking Americans. So let’s set party interests aside, and work to pass a budget that replaces reckless cuts with smart savings and wise investments in our future. And let’s do it without the brinksmanship that stresses consumers and scares off investors.
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The greatest nation on Earth cannot keep conducting its business by drifting from one manufactured crisis to the next. Let’s agree, right here, right now, to keep the people’s government open, pay our bills on time, and always uphold the full faith and credit of the United States of America. The American people have worked too hard, for too long, rebuilding from one crisis to see their elected officials cause another.
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Now, most of us agree that a plan to reduce the deficit must be part of our agenda. But let’s be clear: deficit reduction alone is not an economic plan. A growing economy that creates good, middle-class jobs – that must be the North Star that guides our efforts. Every day, we should ask ourselves three questions as a nation: How do we attract more jobs to our shores? How do we equip our people with the skills needed to do those jobs? And how do we make sure that hard work leads to a decent living?
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A year and a half ago, I put forward an American Jobs Act that independent economists said would create more than one million new jobs. I thank the last Congress for passing some of that agenda, and I urge this Congress to pass the rest. Tonight, I’ll lay out additional proposals that are fully paid for and fully consistent with the budget framework both parties agreed to just 18 months ago. Let me repeat – nothing I’m proposing tonight should increase our deficit by a single dime. It’s not a bigger government we need, but a smarter government that sets priorities and invests in broad-based growth.
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Our first priority is making America a magnet for new jobs and manufacturing. After shedding jobs for more than 10 years, our manufacturers have added about 500,000 jobs over the past three. Caterpillar is bringing jobs back from Japan. Ford is bringing jobs back from Mexico. After locating plants in other countries like China, Intel is opening its most advanced plant right here at home. And this year, Apple will start making Macs in America again.
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There are things we can do, right now, to accelerate this trend. Last year, we created our first manufacturing innovation institute in Youngstown, Ohio. A once-shuttered warehouse is now a state-of-the art lab where new workers are mastering the 3D printing that has the potential to revolutionize the way we make almost everything. There’s no reason this can’t happen in other towns.
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So tonight, I’m announcing the launch of three more of these manufacturing hubs, where businesses will partner with the Departments of Defense and Energy to turn regions left behind by globalization into global centers of high-tech jobs. And I ask this Congress to help create a network of fifteen of these hubs and guarantee that the next revolution in manufacturing is Made in America.
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If we want to make the best products, we also have to invest in the best ideas. Every dollar we invested to map the human genome returned $140 to our economy. Today, our scientists are mapping the human brain to unlock the answers to Alzheimer’s; developing drugs to regenerate damaged organs; devising new material to make batteries ten times more powerful. Now is not the time to gut these job-creating investments in science and innovation. Now is the time to reach a level of research and development not seen since the height of the Space Race. And today, no area holds more promise than our investments in American energy.
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After years of talking about it, we are finally poised to control our own energy future. We produce more oil at home than we have in 15 years. We have doubled the distance our cars will go on a gallon of gas, and the amount of renewable energy we generate from sources like wind and solar – with tens of thousands of good, American jobs to show for it. We produce more natural gas than ever before – and nearly everyone’s energy bill is lower because of it. And over the last four years, our emissions of the dangerous carbon pollution that threatens our planet have actually fallen.
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But for the sake of our children and our future, we must do more to combat climate change. Yes, it’s true that no single event makes a trend. But the fact is, the 12 hottest years on record have all come in the last 15. Heat waves, droughts, wildfires, and floods – all are now more frequent and intense. We can choose to believe that Superstorm Sandy, and the most severe drought in decades, and the worst wildfires some states have ever seen were all just a freak coincidence. Or we can choose to believe in the overwhelming judgment of science – and act before it’s too late.
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The good news is, we can make meaningful progress on this issue while driving strong economic growth. I urge this Congress to pursue a bipartisan, market-based solution to climate change, like the one John McCain and Joe Lieberman worked on together a few years ago. But if Congress won’t act soon to protect future generations, I will. I will direct my Cabinet to come up with executive actions we can take, now and in the future, to reduce pollution, prepare our communities for the consequences of climate change, and speed the transition to more sustainable sources of energy.
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Four years ago, other countries dominated the clean energy market and the jobs that came with it. We’ve begun to change that. Last year, wind energy added nearly half of all new power capacity in America. So let’s generate even more. Solar energy gets cheaper by the year – so let’s drive costs down even further. As long as countries like China keep going all-in on clean energy, so must we.
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In the meantime, the natural gas boom has led to cleaner power and greater energy independence. That’s why my Administration will keep cutting red tape and speeding up new oil and gas permits. But I also want to work with this Congress to encourage the research and technology that helps natural gas burn even cleaner and protects our air and water.
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Indeed, much of our new-found energy is drawn from lands and waters that we, the public, own together. So tonight, I propose we use some of our oil and gas revenues to fund an Energy Security Trust that will drive new research and technology to shift our cars and trucks off oil for good. If a non-partisan coalition of CEOs and retired generals and admirals can get behind this idea, then so can we. Let’s take their advice and free our families and businesses from the painful spikes in gas prices we’ve put up with for far too long. I’m also issuing a new goal for America: let’s cut in half the energy wasted by our homes and businesses over the next twenty years. The states with the best ideas to create jobs and lower energy bills by constructing more efficient buildings will receive federal support to help make it happen.
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America’s energy sector is just one part of an aging infrastructure badly in need of repair. Ask any CEO where they’d rather locate and hire: a country with deteriorating roads and bridges, or one with high-speed rail and internet; high-tech schools and self-healing power grids. The CEO of Siemens America – a company that brought hundreds of new jobs to North Carolina – has said that if we upgrade our infrastructure, they’ll bring even more jobs. And I know that you want these job-creating projects in your districts. I’ve seen you all at the ribbon-cuttings.
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Tonight, I propose a “Fix-It-First” program to put people to work as soon as possible on our most urgent repairs, like the nearly 70,000 structurally deficient bridges across the country. And to make sure taxpayers don’t shoulder the whole burden, I’m also proposing a Partnership to Rebuild America that attracts private capital to upgrade what our businesses need most: modern ports to move our goods; modern pipelines to withstand a storm; modern schools worthy of our children. Let’s prove that there is no better place to do business than the United States of America. And let’s start right away.
Part of our rebuilding effort must also involve our housing sector. Today, our housing market is finally healing from the collapse of 2007. Home prices are rising at the fastest pace in six years, home purchases are up nearly 50 percent, and construction is expanding again.
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But even with mortgage rates near a 50-year low, too many families with solid credit who want to buy a home are being rejected. Too many families who have never missed a payment and want to refinance are being told no. That’s holding our entire economy back, and we need to fix it. Right now, there’s a bill in this Congress that would give every responsible homeowner in America the chance to save $3,000 a year by refinancing at today’s rates. Democrats and Republicans have supported it before. What are we waiting for? Take a vote, and send me that bill. Right now, overlapping regulations keep responsible young families from buying their first home. What’s holding us back? Let’s streamline the process, and help our economy grow.
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These initiatives in manufacturing, energy, infrastructure, and housing will help entrepreneurs and small business owners expand and create new jobs. But none of it will matter unless we also equip our citizens with the skills and training to fill those jobs. And that has to start at the earliest possible age.
Study after study shows that the sooner a child begins learning, the better he or she does down the road. But today, fewer than 3 in 10 four year-olds are enrolled in a high-quality preschool program. Most middle-class parents can’t afford a few hundred bucks a week for private preschool. And for poor kids who need help the most, this lack of access to preschool education can shadow them for the rest of their lives.
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Tonight, I propose working with states to make high-quality preschool available to every child in America. Every dollar we invest in high-quality early education can save more than seven dollars later on – by boosting graduation rates, reducing teen pregnancy, even reducing violent crime. In states that make it a priority to educate our youngest children, like Georgia or Oklahoma, studies show students grow up more likely to read and do math at grade level, graduate high school, hold a job, and form more stable families of their own. So let’s do what works, and make sure none of our children start the race of life already behind. Let’s give our kids that chance.
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Let’s also make sure that a high school diploma puts our kids on a path to a good job. Right now, countries like Germany focus on graduating their high school students with the equivalent of a technical degree from one of our community colleges, so that they’re ready for a job. At schools like P-Tech in Brooklyn, a collaboration between New York Public Schools, the City University of New York, and IBM, students will graduate with a high school diploma and an associate degree in computers or engineering.
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We need to give every American student opportunities like this. Four years ago, we started Race to the Top – a competition that convinced almost every state to develop smarter curricula and higher standards, for about 1 percent of what we spend on education each year. Tonight, I’m announcing a new challenge to redesign America’s high schools so they better equip graduates for the demands of a high-tech economy. We’ll reward schools that develop new partnerships with colleges and employers, and create classes that focus on science, technology, engineering, and math – the skills today’s employers are looking for to fill jobs right now and in the future.
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Now, even with better high schools, most young people will need some higher education. It’s a simple fact: the more education you have, the more likely you are to have a job and work your way into the middle class. But today, skyrocketing costs price way too many young people out of a higher education, or saddle them with unsustainable debt.
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Through tax credits, grants, and better loans, we have made college more affordable for millions of students and families over the last few years. But taxpayers cannot continue to subsidize the soaring cost of higher education. Colleges must do their part to keep costs down, and it’s our job to make sure they do. Tonight, I ask Congress to change the Higher Education Act, so that affordability and value are included in determining which colleges receive certain types of federal aid. And tomorrow, my Administration will release a new “College Scorecard” that parents and students can use to compare schools based on a simple criteria: where you can get the most bang for your educational buck.
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To grow our middle class, our citizens must have access to the education and training that today’s jobs require. But we also have to make sure that America remains a place where everyone who’s willing to work hard has the chance to get ahead.
Our economy is stronger when we harness the talents and ingenuity of striving, hopeful immigrants. And right now, leaders from the business, labor, law enforcement, and faith communities all agree that the time has come to pass comprehensive immigration reform.
Real reform means strong border security, and we can build on the progress my Administration has already made – putting more boots on the southern border than at any time in our history, and reducing illegal crossings to their lowest levels in 40 years.
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Real reform means establishing a responsible pathway to earned citizenship – a path that includes passing a background check, paying taxes and a meaningful penalty, learning English, and going to the back of the line behind the folks trying to come here legally.
And real reform means fixing the legal immigration system to cut waiting periods, reduce bureaucracy, and attract the highly-skilled entrepreneurs and engineers that will help create jobs and grow our economy.
In other words, we know what needs to be done. As we speak, bipartisan groups in both chambers are working diligently to draft a bill, and I applaud their efforts. Now let’s get this done. Send me a comprehensive immigration reform bill in the next few months, and I will sign it right away.
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But we can’t stop there. We know our economy is stronger when our wives, mothers, and daughters can live their lives free from discrimination in the workplace, and free from the fear of domestic violence. Today, the Senate passed the Violence Against Women Act that Joe Biden originally wrote almost 20 years ago. I urge the House to do the same. And I ask this Congress to declare that women should earn a living equal to their efforts, and finally pass the Paycheck Fairness Act this year.
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We know our economy is stronger when we reward an honest day’s work with honest wages. But today, a full-time worker making the minimum wage earns $14,500 a year. Even with the tax relief we’ve put in place, a family with two kids that earns the minimum wage still lives below the poverty line. That’s wrong. That’s why, since the last time this Congress raised the minimum wage, nineteen states have chosen to bump theirs even higher.
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Tonight, let’s declare that in the wealthiest nation on Earth, no one who works full-time should have to live in poverty, and raise the federal minimum wage to $9.00 an hour. This single step would raise the incomes of millions of working families. It could mean the difference between groceries or the food bank; rent or eviction; scraping by or finally getting ahead. For businesses across the country, it would mean customers with more money in their pockets. In fact, working folks shouldn’t have to wait year after year for the minimum wage to go up while CEO pay has never been higher. So here’s an idea that Governor Romney and I actually agreed on last year: let’s tie the minimum wage to the cost of living, so that it finally becomes a wage you can live on.
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Tonight, let’s also recognize that there are communities in this country where no matter how hard you work, it’s virtually impossible to get ahead. Factory towns decimated from years of plants packing up. Inescapable pockets of poverty, urban and rural, where young adults are still fighting for their first job. America is not a place where chance of birth or circumstance should decide our destiny. And that is why we need to build new ladders of opportunity into the middle class for all who are willing to climb them.
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Let’s offer incentives to companies that hire Americans who’ve got what it takes to fill that job opening, but have been out of work so long that no one will give them a chance. Let’s put people back to work rebuilding vacant homes in run-down neighborhoods. And this year, my Administration will begin to partner with 20 of the hardest-hit towns in America to get these communities back on their feet. We’ll work with local leaders to target resources at public safety, education, and housing. We’ll give new tax credits to businesses that hire and invest. And we’ll work to strengthen families by removing the financial deterrents to marriage for low-income couples, and doing more to encourage fatherhood – because what makes you a man isn’t the ability to conceive a child; it’s having the courage to raise one.
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Stronger families. Stronger communities. A stronger America. It is this kind of prosperity – broad, shared, and built on a thriving middle class – that has always been the source of our progress at home. It is also the foundation of our power and influence throughout the world.
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Tonight, we stand united in saluting the troops and civilians who sacrifice every day to protect us. Because of them, we can say with confidence that America will complete its mission in Afghanistan, and achieve our objective of defeating the core of al Qaeda. Already, we have brought home 33,000 of our brave servicemen and women. This spring, our forces will move into a support role, while Afghan security forces take the lead. Tonight, I can announce that over the next year, another 34,000 American troops will come home from Afghanistan. This drawdown will continue. And by the end of next year, our war in Afghanistan will be over.
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Beyond 2014, America’s commitment to a unified and sovereign Afghanistan will endure, but the nature of our commitment will change. We are negotiating an agreement with the Afghan government that focuses on two missions: training and equipping Afghan forces so that the country does not again slip into chaos, and counter-terrorism efforts that allow us to pursue the remnants of al Qaeda and their affiliates.
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Today, the organization that attacked us on 9/11 is a shadow of its former self. Different al Qaeda affiliates and extremist groups have emerged – from the Arabian Peninsula to Africa. The threat these groups pose is evolving. But to meet this threat, we don’t need to send tens of thousands of our sons and daughters abroad, or occupy other nations. Instead, we will need to help countries like Yemen, Libya, and Somalia provide for their own security, and help allies who take the fight to terrorists, as we have in Mali. And, where necessary, through a range of capabilities, we will continue to take direct action against those terrorists who pose the gravest threat to Americans.
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As we do, we must enlist our values in the fight. That is why my Administration has worked tirelessly to forge a durable legal and policy framework to guide our counterterrorism operations. Throughout, we have kept Congress fully informed of our efforts. I recognize that in our democracy, no one should just take my word that we’re doing things the right way. So, in the months ahead, I will continue to engage with Congress to ensure not only that our targeting, detention, and prosecution of terrorists remains consistent with our laws and system of checks and balances, but that our efforts are even more transparent to the American people and to the world.
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Of course, our challenges don’t end with al Qaeda. America will continue to lead the effort to prevent the spread of the world’s most dangerous weapons. The regime in North Korea must know that they will only achieve security and prosperity by meeting their international obligations. Provocations of the sort we saw last night will only isolate them further, as we stand by our allies, strengthen our own missile defense, and lead the world in taking firm action in response to these threats.
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Likewise, the leaders of Iran must recognize that now is the time for a diplomatic solution, because a coalition stands united in demanding that they meet their obligations, and we will do what is necessary to prevent them from getting a nuclear weapon. At the same time, we will engage Russia to seek further reductions in our nuclear arsenals, and continue leading the global effort to secure nuclear materials that could fall into the wrong hands – because our ability to influence others depends on our willingness to lead.
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America must also face the rapidly growing threat from cyber-attacks. We know hackers steal people’s identities and infiltrate private e-mail. We know foreign countries and companies swipe our corporate secrets. Now our enemies are also seeking the ability to sabotage our power grid, our financial institutions, and our air traffic control systems. We cannot look back years from now and wonder why we did nothing in the face of real threats to our security and our economy.
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That’s why, earlier today, I signed a new executive order that will strengthen our cyber defenses by increasing information sharing, and developing standards to protect our national security, our jobs, and our privacy. Now, Congress must act as well, by passing legislation to give our government a greater capacity to secure our networks and deter attacks.
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Even as we protect our people, we should remember that today’s world presents not only dangers, but opportunities. To boost American exports, support American jobs, and level the playing field in the growing markets of Asia, we intend to complete negotiations on a Trans-Pacific Partnership. And tonight, I am announcing that we will launch talks on a comprehensive Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership with the European Union – because trade that is free and fair across the Atlantic supports millions of good-paying American jobs.
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We also know that progress in the most impoverished parts of our world enriches us all. In many places, people live on little more than a dollar a day. So the United States will join with our allies to eradicate such extreme poverty in the next two decades: by connecting more people to the global economy and empowering women; by giving our young and brightest minds new opportunities to serve and helping communities to feed, power, and educate themselves; by saving the world’s children from preventable deaths; and by realizing the promise of an AIDS-free generation.
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Above all, America must remain a beacon to all who seek freedom during this period of historic change. I saw the power of hope last year in Rangoon – when Aung San Suu Kyi welcomed an American President into the home where she had been imprisoned for years; when thousands of Burmese lined the streets, waving American flags, including a man who said, “There is justice and law in the United States. I want our country to be like that.”
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In defense of freedom, we will remain the anchor of strong alliances from the Americas to Africa; from Europe to Asia. In the Middle East, we will stand with citizens as they demand their universal rights, and support stable transitions to democracy. The process will be messy, and we cannot presume to dictate the course of change in countries like Egypt; but we can – and will – insist on respect for the fundamental rights of all people. We will keep the pressure on a Syrian regime that has murdered its own people, and support opposition leaders that respect the rights of every Syrian. And we will stand steadfast with Israel in pursuit of security and a lasting peace. These are the messages I will deliver when I travel to the Middle East next month.
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All this work depends on the courage and sacrifice of those who serve in dangerous places at great personal risk – our diplomats, our intelligence officers, and the men and women of the United States Armed Forces. As long as I’m Commander-in-Chief, we will do whatever we must to protect those who serve their country abroad, and we will maintain the best military in the world. We will invest in new capabilities, even as we reduce waste and wartime spending. We will ensure equal treatment for all service members, and equal benefits for their families – gay and straight. We will draw upon the courage and skills of our sisters and daughters, because women have proven under fire that they are ready for combat. We will keep faith with our veterans – investing in world-class care, including mental health care, for our wounded warriors; supporting our military families; and giving our veterans the benefits, education, and job opportunities they have earned. And I want to thank my wife Michelle and Dr. Jill Biden for their continued dedication to serving our military families as well as they serve us.
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But defending our freedom is not the job of our military alone. We must all do our part to make sure our God-given rights are protected here at home. That includes our most fundamental right as citizens: the right to vote. When any Americans – no matter where they live or what their party – are denied that right simply because they can’t wait for five, six, seven hours just to cast their ballot, we are betraying our ideals. That’s why, tonight, I’m announcing a non-partisan commission to improve the voting experience in America. And I’m asking two long-time experts in the field, who’ve recently served as the top attorneys for my campaign and for Governor Romney’s campaign, to lead it. We can fix this, and we will. The American people demand it. And so does our democracy.
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Of course, what I’ve said tonight matters little if we don’t come together to protect our most precious resource – our children.
It has been two months since Newtown. I know this is not the first time this country has debated how to reduce gun violence. But this time is different. Overwhelming majorities of Americans – Americans who believe in the 2nd Amendment – have come together around commonsense reform – like background checks that will make it harder for criminals to get their hands on a gun. Senators of both parties are working together on tough new laws to prevent anyone from buying guns for resale to criminals. Police chiefs are asking our help to get weapons of war and massive ammunition magazines off our streets, because they are tired of being outgunned.
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Each of these proposals deserves a vote in Congress. If you want to vote no, that’s your choice. But these proposals deserve a vote. Because in the two months since Newtown, more than a thousand birthdays, graduations, and anniversaries have been stolen from our lives by a bullet from a gun.
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One of those we lost was a young girl named Hadiya Pendleton. She was 15 years old. She loved Fig Newtons and lip gloss. She was a majorette. She was so good to her friends, they all thought they were her best friend. Just three weeks ago, she was here, in Washington, with her classmates, performing for her country at my inauguration. And a week later, she was shot and killed in a Chicago park after school, just a mile away from my house.
Hadiya’s parents, Nate and Cleo, are in this chamber tonight, along with more than two dozen Americans whose lives have been torn apart by gun violence. They deserve a vote.
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Gabby Giffords deserves a vote.
The families of Newtown deserve a vote.
The families of Aurora deserve a vote.
The families of Oak Creek, and Tucson, and Blacksburg, and the countless other communities ripped open by gun violence – they deserve a simple vote.
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Our actions will not prevent every senseless act of violence in this country. Indeed, no laws, no initiatives, no administrative acts will perfectly solve all the challenges I’ve outlined tonight. But we were never sent here to be perfect. We were sent here to make what difference we can, to secure this nation, expand opportunity, and uphold our ideals through the hard, often frustrating, but absolutely necessary work of self-government.
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We were sent here to look out for our fellow Americans the same way they look out for one another, every single day, usually without fanfare, all across this country. We should follow their example.
We should follow the example of a New York City nurse named Menchu Sanchez. When Hurricane Sandy plunged her hospital into darkness, her thoughts were not with how her own home was faring – they were with the twenty precious newborns in her care and the rescue plan she devised that kept them all safe.
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We should follow the example of a North Miami woman named Desiline Victor. When she arrived at her polling place, she was told the wait to vote might be six hours. And as time ticked by, her concern was not with her tired body or aching feet, but whether folks like her would get to have their say. Hour after hour, a throng of people stayed in line in support of her. Because Desiline is 102 years old. And they erupted in cheers when she finally put on a sticker that read “I Voted.”
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We should follow the example of a police officer named Brian Murphy. When a gunman opened fire on a Sikh temple in Wisconsin, and Brian was the first to arrive, he did not consider his own safety. He fought back until help arrived, and ordered his fellow officers to protect the safety of the Americans worshiping inside – even as he lay bleeding from twelve bullet wounds.
When asked how he did that, Brian said, “That’s just the way we’re made.”
That’s just the way we’re made.
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We may do different jobs, and wear different uniforms, and hold different views than the person beside us. But as Americans, we all share the same proud title:
We are citizens. It’s a word that doesn’t just describe our nationality or legal status. It describes the way we’re made. It describes what we believe. It captures the enduring idea that this country only works when we accept certain obligations to one another and to future generations; that our rights are wrapped up in the rights of others; and that well into our third century as a nation, it remains the task of us all, as citizens of these United States, to be the authors of the next great chapter in our American story.
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Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the United States of America.
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http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/02/12/president-barack-obamas-state-union-address
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